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Sunday, December 26, 2004, 3:56 pm

‘Revolution in the Valley’

Revolution in the Valley: The Insanely Great Story of How the Mac Was Made

by Andy Hertzfeld
with contributions by Steve Capps, Donn Denman, Bruce Horn and Susan Kare
O’Reilly, $24.95
291 pages, ISBN 0596007191

The Macintosh User Interface wasn’t designed all at once; it was actually the result of almost five years of experimentation and development at Apple, starting with graphics routines that Bill Atkinson began writing for Lisa in late 1978. Like any evolutionary process, there were lots of false starts and blind alleys along the way. It’s a shame that these tend to be lost to history, since there is a lot that we can learn from them.

Revolution in the Valley, page 89

Andy Hertzfeld’s Revolution in the Valley is a glimpse into the genesis of the best-known brand in personal computing, the Apple Macintosh. It’s arranged as a collection of anecdotes, most of them just a few hundred words long, in roughly chronological order. It’s funny and poignant and illuminating. If you’re looking for a technical history, for an in-depth discussion of circuits and pixels, look elsewhere. But if you’re in the market for a very personal history of a very important time, Revolution in the Valley is the book for you.

Hertzfeld sets the tone for the book with his very first anecdote, a two-page introduction to Burrell Smith, Apple hardware engineer and a major character in the Macintosh story. Hertzfeld’s obvious affection and respect for Smith shows through in his prose: “The first time we went to lunch, I found out that Burrell’s creativity extended beyond his engineering work. He would often try to convince our waitress to concoct variations of the standard fare on the menu, thinking of something different every time. For example, after he successfully persuaded a waitress to divide his pizza toppings into thirds, he asked her to do fifths the next time. Or he ordered mixed sodas, as if they were cocktails, in ever varying proportions, like three quarters Coke and one quarter Sprite. The waitress often balked, but Burrell was sometimes charming enough to convince her to comply.”

That’s the kind of book Revolution is. It’s more memoir than memorandum. And those of us who lived through the dot-com bubble of the late 1990s will be immediately struck by how familiar Hertzfeld’s story seems: bright, creative people working unimaginably long hours for practically no money but lots of stock options; the camaraderie shared by a small group who considered themselves outsiders within their own company; the inevitable personality conflicts that emerged when sound business sense and the innovative spirit found themselves at cross-purposes. Only the hairstyles in the book’s hundreds of photographs and the dates provided in small print at the beginning of each section reveal that the events described took place more than 20 years ago.

One anecdote, in particular, resonated with me on a very personal level. The passage, titled “Too Big for my Britches,” involves a personality conflict between Hertzfeld and Macintosh engineering manager Bob Belleville.

Bob unfurled his mirthless grin. “Oh, don’t get me wrong, I think your technical work has been perfectly adequate during the review period, and I don’t have a single criticism of it. That’s not your problem area.” He paused for a moment, to take a deep breath, and then continued. “The problem is with your attitude, and your relationship with management. You are consistently insubordinate, and you don’t have any respect for lines of authority. I think you are undermining everybody else on the software team. You are too big for your britches.”

At this point, I broke down into tears. The Macintosh was at the center of my life, but I couldn’t work for somebody who was saying this, no matter how much the project mattered to me. It was suddenly clear that I was going to have to quit.

Revolution in the Valley is honest in a way that business books rarely are, and that technology books never are. Hertzfeld isn’t afraid to describe the low points in uncomfortably raw terms; he refers to several developments, in addition to his confrontation with Bob Belleville, that left him and the other members of the Mac team in tears. In particular, he’s not afraid to end the book where he must: not at the high point of the Mac’s introduction in 1984, but later, after the design team had broken up, and a management shake-up at Apple had changed the company’s culture forever.

But the book’s melancholy ending is tempered by recent events. There is, of course, an as-yet-unwritten sequel to the book, one that begins in 1997 with the return of Steve Jobs to Apple Computer and the company’s re-emergence as a leader in technological innovation. But that isn’t Andy Hertzfeld’s story to tell. Somebody else will have to write that book.

Which brings us to Folklore. As Hertzfeld writes in his introduction to Revolution, he’d been telling his stories about the birth of the Mac for years, but he was afraid that any attempt to write them down would be necessarily biased and self-serving. In June 2003, Hertzfeld had the idea of using the Web to share his stories and to give others the opportunity to make comments and contributions of their own. The result was Folklore, a Web application that strives to be to oral history what Movable Type is to the personal diary. Between June 2003 and January 2004, Hertzfeld assembled over 60 anecdotes on the Folklore Web site, and the collection continues to grow. Revolution in the Valley is a sort of distillation of Folklore, a selection of core anecdotes that have been extensively edited and artfully presented.

Ever since its introduction — and, as we learn from books like Revolution, long before — the Macintosh has been a curious invention that inspires great passion among its fans. The origin of this enthusiasm has often been a source of confusion for observers of the personal computer industry; after all, the Mac is just a computer, and for most of the past 20 years it hasn’t been a particularly notable one. Reading Revolution, it becomes clear that the passion fans of the Mac feel originated with the small team of dedicated, thoughtful people who created it. Their love for their product is evident in every aspect of the design, even down to the sound the Mac made when it was first turned on. As Hertzfeld describes it on page 123,

When you powered up an Apple II, it made a short beep sound to let you know it was alive. We thought the Mac should do something similar, sort of like an infant’s first cry, to let the world know it actually made it.

Revolution in the Valley: The Insanely Great Story of How the Mac Was Made by Andy Hertzfeld is available from Amazon for $16.47, or directly through the publisher for $24.95.

Full disclosure

At my request, O’Reilly provided me with a complimentary review copy of Revolution in the Valley. I have no affiliation with O’Reilly and have received no payment or gift from them in return for writing this review.

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